Environmental Science
72. Many individuals of the same species living together
in a defined area form a/an
A. Community
B. Ecosystem
C. Genus
D. Population
73. Which of the following is characteristic of
parasitism?
A. One organism
lives in or on another and benefits.
B. Two organisms
nourish each other; both benefit.
C. One organism
kills and consumes another.
D. Two
organisms live together and neither is harmed.
74. The sequence of energy flow through a food chain
is
A. primary
consumers‑ producers‑ higher order consumers.
B. producers‑
higher order consumers‑ primary consumers.
C. producers‑
primary consumers‑ higher order consumers.
D. primary
consumers‑ higher order consumers‑ producers.
75.
The two compounds that acid rain contains that are most damaging to the
environment are ____________ and ____________.
A. nitrogen; water
B. carbon dioxide; sulfuric acid
C. sulfur dioxide; nitrogen oxides
D. carbon dioxide; water
76. The only gas in the atmosphere that
can absorb the sun's dangerous ultraviolet radiation is ____.
A. nitrogen
B. ozone
C. nitrous oxide
D. carbon dioxide
77. The largest amount of usable water
found on earth is used for ___.
A. household use
B. crop irrigation
C. recreation
D. industrial uses
78. Which of the following are
producers?
A. termites
B. bacteria
C. algae
D. all of the above
79. What is happening to the amount of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
A. it is increasing
B. it is decreasing
C. it is steady
D. it is fluctuating
80.
The major reservoir for phosphorus is
A. aquifers
B. clouds
C. the atmosphere
D. soil and rocks
81.
Precipitation is usually expressed in which of the following units?
A.
ml
B.
g/m²
C.
mm
D.m³
82. Which of the following
is not a method of estimating river discharge?
A.
Dilution Gauging
B.
Atmometer readings
C.
Rating Curve
D.Velocity-Area Method
83. Which of the following does not apply to infiltration excess
overland flow?
A.
Common in semi-arid areas where soil surface crusts develop
B.
Rare in areas subject to extreme rainfall events
C.
Common where the surface is often frozen
D.Rare in many temperature areas because infiltration capacity is
too high
84. Which of the following
is not one of the major paths for water entering the soil?
A.
Percolates into bedrock
B.
Infiltration-excess overland flow
C.
C. Taken up by plants and
transpired
D.Travels laterally through the soil
85. What does a
'hydrograph' display?
A.
Variations in water temperature against discharge
B.
Variations in river discharge over time
C.
Variations in sediment concentration against river discharge
D.Variations in snowfall over time
86. Which of the following statements is not correct with respect
to river flow in dry land environments?
A.
Dry lands are characterized by rare but intense rainfall events
B.
Most of the water is stored above ground to maintain base flow
until the next flood event
C.
Coarse and sandy soil often results in high infiltration
capacities
D.The intense nature of rainfall events causes rapid runoff and high
flood peaks
87. Which of the following is the most likely impact of
deforestation and increased grazing intensity?
A.
Increased infiltration capacity and greater base flow contribution
B.
Reduced infiltration capacity and greater infiltration-excess
overland flow generation
C.
Reduced annual river flow
D.Increased precipitation input
88. In the context of river flows in glacial regions, which of the
following is not correct?
A.
Large snow/ice melt input in early winter causes high flood
potential
B.
Discharge can be extremely low over winter
C.
Outputs in the water budget often do not equal inputs due to a
large amount of long term water
storage
D.Discharge is lower at night than during the daytime
89. In which of the following through flow pathways does water
travel through the finest soil pores?
A.
Stomatal pore flow
B.
Matrix flow
C.
Pipe flow
D.Macropre flow
90. Approximately what percentage of the earth's surface is
covered by oceans?
A.
10%
B.
35%
C.
71%
D.90%
91. Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide
will cause which of the following changes in oceanic chemistry?
A.
Increased salinity
B.
Decreased pH
C.
Decreased salinity
D.Increased precipitation of calcium carbonate
92. Which two features together control the density of seawater?
A.
Salinity and depth
B.
Temperature and sea depth
C.
Temperature and salinity
D.Salinity and plankton concentration
93. Surface ocean currents are driven mainly by which of the
following?
A.
Salinity gradients
B.
Prevailing winds
C.
Temperature gradients
D.Warm Air
94. Deep ocean currents are driven mainly by which of the
following?
A.
Prevailing winds
B.
Temperature and salinity gradients
C.
Mid-ocean ridge volcanism
D.Earth’s rotation
95. Which of the following reservoir contains the most water?
A.
Atmosphere
B.
Biosphere
C.
Groundwater
D.Lake and Rivers
96. The main parts of the
water cycle are evapotranspiration, precipitation, and
A.
Evaporation
B.
Condensation
C.
Runoff
D.Deposition
97. Condensation is a
change in water from a
A.
Solid to liquid
B.
Liquid to solid
C.
Gas to liquid
D.Liquid to gas
98. All the sediment carried by a river is called the
A.
suspended load
B.
bed load
C.
stream load
D.dissolved load
99. An aquifer contains a
great deal of water, but the water cannot be removed easily with an ordinary
well. This is most likely due to sediment and rock characterized by
A.
low porosity
B.
low permeability
C.
poor sorting
D.high iron content
100. The water table forms the upper surface of the
A.
cap rock layer
B.
contour surface
C.
zone of saturation
D.artesian formation